Download a copy of the latest version of acrobat reader for free. Previous studies have revealed that porphyry copper deposits are usually associated with oxidized, calcalkalic, adakitic shallow intrusive rocks. The formation of porphyry copper deposits springerlink. Porphyry ore typically forms in magmatic arcs above subduction zones. Porphyry copper deposit modelscientific investigations report 20105070b u. The only reason these ore bodies are economic is because porphyries are huge, with hundreds of millions of tonnes available in a fairly lowcost mining setting. Jul 23, 20 porphyry copper deposits are typically verylow grade with between 0. Our findings also provide important insights into why some magmas are more likely to produce porphyry copper deposits than others, and add to our understanding of how their parent magmatic rocks. Chile has the worlds largest copper reserves of any country by far, with 200. Download the latest version of adobe reader, free of charge. Information on porphyry copper deposits from around the world with grade and tonnage models, a general classification based on geologic setting, mineralogy, with data allowing locations of these deposits to be plotted using gis. The studied area was the porphyry copper deposit of the kahang area in the preliminary stage of exploration.
Preliminary model of porphyry copper deposits usgs. Copper is a moderately incompatible chalcophile element. Collectively, these type of deposits are known as porphyry copper deposits. The purpose of mineral exploration is to find ore deposits. Porphyry copper deposits are typically mined by openpit methods. Geochemical aspects of stratiform and redbed copper deposits in the catskill formation pennsylvania, usa and redstone area canada. The main mineral is chalcopyrite, which is finely disseminated through the host porphyritic rocks. The speciation of sulfur is controlled by oxygen fugacity.
The kupferschiefer deposits and prospects in sw poland. Auagtese minerals in the elatsite porphyrycopper deposit, bulgaria. They found gold in quartz veins, attached to sulfide grains, and as free gold. Copper skarn deposits occur near many porphyry copper host intru sions that intruded carbonatebearing units einaudi and others, 1981, and skarn mineral zoning patterns may be useful in the targeting of a potentially associated porphyry copper deposit meinert and others, 2005. Mineralized granitic porphyry of the yangla copper deposit, western yunnan, china. Porphyry copper deposit, large body of rock, typically a porphyry of granitic to dioritic composition, that has been fractured on a fine scale and through which chalcopyrite and other copper minerals are disseminated. This report contains a revised descriptive model of porphyry copper deposits pcds, the worlds largest source about 60 percent and resource about 65 percent of copper and a major source of molybdenum, gold and silver.
Exceptions include free gold particles, because of the great disparity in density. The term porphyry copper now includes engineering as well as geological considerations. Help pdf help publications main page openfile reports for 2005. Part three resources and technology princeton university. The consistently defined deposits in this file provide the foundation for grade and tonnage models included here and for mineral deposit density models singer and others, 2005. Rhomb porphyry is a volcanic rock with graywhite large porphyritic rhombusshaped phenocrysts embedded in a very finegrained redbrown matrix.
In addition, some errors have been corrected and a number of deposits have had some information, such as grades, tonnages, locations, or ages revised. Exploration of kahang porphyry copper deposit using advanced. Porphyry copper deposits are theworlds most important source of copper, accounting for morethan 60 percent of the annual world copper production andabout 65 percent of known copper resources. Pdf documents opened from your browser may not display or print as intended. Porphyry deposits are the worlds most important source of cu and mo, and are major sources of au, ag, and sn.
Enter your mobile number or email address below and well send you a link to download the free. Copper oxides are defined as those copper minerals containing oxidized anions, especially copper oxides, sensu strictu, sulfates, phosphates, carbonates, and. The copper ore bodies mined from 1911 to 1938 at kennecott, alaska now within the. Porphyry copper gold deposit model porphyry deposits are the worlds most important source of cu and mo, and are major sources of au, ag, and sn. Geology and metallogeny of copper deposits springerlink. Copper is more easily extracted from the suifide and carbonate m i nerals. Why no porphyry copper deposits in japan and south korea. This publication contains a computer file of information on porphyry copper deposits from around the world.
The upper portions of porphyry copper deposits may be subjected to supergene enrichment. It refers to large, relatively low grade, epigenetic, intrusionrelated deposits that can be mined using mass mining techniques. Porphyry copper deposits account for more than 80% of the worlds total cu resources. Well lets back up a bit, we know that porphyries form under large subduction related volcanoes and that most of these are located under the ring of fire around the subducting pacific plate another fertile subduction zone occurs in balkans, turkey, iran and pakistan. The main aim of this work is to use the fuzzy inference system to integrate the exploration layers including the geological, remote sensing, geochemical, and magnetic data. The composition of rhomb porphyry places it in the trachytelatite classification of the qapf diagram. Mineralization in the district consists of at least three distinct disseminated porphyry copper deposits and several skarn replacement deposits. Pdf a description of the structural geology, mineralogy, geochemical. Preliminary map of copper provinces in the conterminous united states. They account for about 50 to 60% of world cu production and more than 95% of world mo production.
They comprise 25 all new papers, as 550 pages of close spaced text illustrated by over 280 figures, photographs and diagrams. This involves the metals in the upper portion being dissolved and carried down to below the water table, where they precipitate. Oct 17, 2019 the lowell and guilbert model of porphyry copper deposits based on arizona examples these deposits have been scientifically studied since the 1900s by the usgs and this in depth study over a long period of time has made this region the type area for the description of porphyry copper deposits. Pdf preliminary model of porphyry copper deposits researchgate. Major miners look to copper porphyry deposits for largetonnage, lowcost operations. Porphyry copper deposits commonly contain hundreds of millions of metric tons of ore that averages a fraction of 1 percent copper by weight. In addition, porphyry deposits may host valuable byproducts.
Sequence of mineralization in sedimenthosted copper deposits part 3. The major products from porphyry copper deposits are copper and molybdenum or copper and gold. Jul 10, 20 the silver bell district is within the porphyry copper province of southwestern north america, located 35 miles northwest of tucson, arizona on the south side of the silver bell mountains. Porphyry copper deposits result from the complex interactions and feedbacks of many. Porphyry copper deposits result from the complex interactions and feedbacks of many processes. May 31, 2015 development of a copper porphyry porphyry copper deposits are copper orebodies that are formed from hydrothermal fluids that originate from a voluminous magma chamber several kilometers below the.
In porphyry cu deposits, for example, cu grades range from 0. Classes of copper deposits copper deposits are classified by general geologic setting, including the type of rock in which the copper deposit. Gold resources copper resources a geological cross section through the batu hijau porphyry deposit, indonesia 920 million tons of ore grading 0. In silicate mineral deposits, the copper is linked with silicon and oxygen. Porphyry copper deposits commonly contain hundreds of millions of metric tons of. As a mining interested learner, the geology of porphyry copper deposits is vital to your education. Geology of the porphyry copper deposits of the western hemisphere. Porphyry deposits are one of the most important sources of copper and molybdenum, and are also major sources of silver, gold, and tin. These are somewhat the giants of the ore deposits world. May 09, 20 host rocks arealtered and genetically related granitoid porphyry intrusionsand adjacent wall rocks. What investors need to know about porphyry copper deposits.
Feb, 2020 copper is completely recyclable, however, with a large proportion of the copper mined throughout history still in use. So how do we explore for porphyry copper deposits which are completely covered by barren younger rocks. The only brownfield porphyry project held by a listed junior in the macquarie arc compelling large scale and drill ready porphyry targets seeking to discover a new cluster of porphyry deposits porphyry and skarnstyle copper gold mineralisation associated with several ordovician intrusive centres. This effect is most important for the solubility of transitionrow metals. Porphyry cu deposits in china contain a total resource of 47 million tonnes mt cu at average grades ranging mostly from 0. However, the formation mechanism and controlling factors of porphyry copper deposits remain obscure. Codes the australian research councils centre for excellence in ore deposit research, university of tasmania, private bag 126, hobart, tasmania 7001, australia. Gold abundances in porphyry copper deposits vary greatly, complicating efforts to define goldrich porphyry copper deposits. Here lets understand the geology of porphyries and iron oxide copper gold deposits or iocg as they are known. Table of contents pdf society of economic geologists. Abstract this analysis concludes that there is little realistic likelihood of discovering large, high. The importance of porphyry deposits as a copper and gold resource.
The great porphyry copper deposits of arizona geology for. We take a look at what makes for a copper porphyry takeover target. Thomson resources porphyry copper gold deposit model. Porphyry ore deposits are the source of much of the copper, molybdenum, gold and silver used by humans. Porphyry copper deposit model free download pdf ebook. This two volume set describes the great porphyry cuaumo deposits and provinces around the globe and throughout geological time. Pdf elatsite is one of the largest operating porphyrycopper deposits in eastern. Therefore, porphyry cu deposits are usually oxidized with oxygen fugacities.
In this report we have added 84 new porphyry copper deposits and removed 12 deposits. Porphyrytype copper deposits research papers academia. Porphyry copper deposits are very large mineralized. Geochemistry of fluid inclusions and ho, s, and pb isotopes xinfu wang,1 bo li,1 shenjin guan,1 olivier nadeau,2 and guo tang1 1faculty of land and resource engineering, kunming university of science and technology, wuhua, kunming 650093, china. Models of copper porphyry deposits formation examined from the petrological and geochemical points of view. Porphyry copper deposit is part of wikiproject geology, an attempt at creating a standardized, informative, comprehensive and easytouse geology resource.
The original definition was based on the aumo ratios of porphyry copper deposits with no reference to their copper content, and resulted in the suggestion that goldrich deposits were found largely in island arc regions kesler, 1973. View porphyrytype copper deposits research papers on academia. Mineralized granitic porphyry of the yangla copper deposit. The link between reduced porphyry copper deposits and. For best results viewing and printing pdf documents, it is recommended that you download the documents to your computer and open them with adobe reader. Ray mine, arizona, one of the largest porphyry copper deposits in the united states. Porphyry deposits are the worlds principal resources of cu, mo, and re, and are major. Pdf auagtese minerals in the elatsite porphyrycopper deposit.
Polish sedimenthosted stratiform copper deposits associated with zechstein sediments are one of the countrys most valuable natural resources and the basis. The life cycle of mining begins with exploration, continues through production, and ends with closure and postmining land use. If you would like to participate, you can choose to edit this article, or visit the project page for more information. Mapping iron oxide cuau iocg mineral potential in australia using a knowledge.
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